The Softening of Hardware

The Softening of Hardware Unifying Hardware and Software Design in Embedded Systems

The Strain Dependence of Post-Deformation Softening during the Hot Deformation of 304H Stainless Steel

Experiments were carried out in which the dependence of the fractional softening on temperature, time and strain rate was determined in a 304H stainless steel. Three prestrain ranges were identified pertaining to three different post-deformation softening behaviors: 1) prestraining to below the DRX critical strain: strongly strain dependent softening by SRX alone with softening kinetics control...

Softening Point Experiments Compare Methods’ Ease, Accuracy

Softening and dropping point determination are established analytical tests that provide quality control for petrochemical products such as bitumen (asphalt). However, to be accurate, manual/semi-automated quality tests prescribed in ASTM standards must be performed in a standardized fashion. Unfortunately, manual processing bears inherent process risks that affect repeatability, which in turn ...

Solution of Nonlinear Hardening and Softening type Oscillators by Adomian’s Decomposition Method

A type of nonlinearity in vibrational engineering systems emerges when the restoring force is a nonlinear function of displacement. The derivative of this function is known as stiffness. If the stiffness increases by increasing the value of displacement from the equilibrium position, then the system is known as hardening type oscillator and if the stiffness decreases by increasing the value of ...

Experimental investigations on the softening and ratcheting behaviors of steel cylindrical shell under cyclic axial loading

In this research, softening and ratcheting behaviors of Ck20 alloy steel cylindrical shells were studied under displacement-control and force-control cyclic axial loading and the behavior of hysteresis curves of specimens was also investigated. Experimental tests were performed by a servo-hydraulic INSTRON 8802 machine. The mechanical properties of specimens were determined according to ASTM E8...